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F. O. Oertel
F.O. Oertel (December 9, 1862 – February 22, 1942) was a German-born engineer, architect, and archaeologist. He is best known among Indian art historians and archaeologists for having excavated the archaeological site of Sarnath (India, Uttar Pradesh) in the winter of 1904–1905. It was here that in March 1905 he unearthed the capital of an Ashokan pillar, which was to become the national emblem of India. However, probably because he was mainly involved as a civil engineer and architect in the Public Works Department, his contributions to the fields of art history and archaeology are largely overlooked in the historiography of South Asian art and archaeology.
== Life ==
Friedrich () Oscar Emanuel Oertel was born 9 December 1862 in Hannover, Germany.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.jaeger-oberursel.de/6801.html ) The author of this page is thankful to Rolf Jaeger for having put to her disposal photos and letters from F.O. Oertel.〕 He renounced his German citizenship before leaving for India as a young man, and was naturalised British.〔http://yourdemocracy.newstatesman.com/parliament/war/HAN2250178; http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1916/nov/15/public-works-department#S5CV0087P0_19161115_HOC_9 | Retrieved 10 July 2013.〕 He married Margaret Haywood Lechmere (1882–1969) on 25 July 1903〔http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=rossbus&id=I36381 (retrieved 24 June 2013). See http://www.jaeger-oberursel.de/6801.html for Margaret Lechmere-Oertel date of death.〕 with whom he had two children. Retiring around 1920, he returned to England and from 1921 added the name of his wife to his own,〔As would appear from the "List of members of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland" published in 1921 and the following years.〕 thus publishing under the name of "F.O. Lechmere-Oertel". He died in New York on 22 February 1942.〔http://www.ancestry.co.uk/cs/uk/probate.〕〔Confusion about his date of death is noted to this day: the Directory of British architects has him die in 1921 (''Directory'', vol. 2, pp. 27–28, with further references to 1921 publications), an evident misinterpretation probably caused by his retirement and his return to Europe. The date of 1931 is given without any further reference by Guha 2010, p. 249 (probably in that year he made a major donation to the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology in Cambridge). Mention of his decease, without any precise date being given, is made in the ''Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland'', October 1944, p. 213.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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